世界很小 我们需要携手共进
-----专访美国休斯敦副市长阿德里安?加西亚

□ 《石油与装备》本刊记者 / 覃珧 Reporter / Qin Yao

休斯敦是一座伴随石油开采发展起来的城市，经过百余年的发展，休斯敦完成了从“油城”成功地转化为今天集能源、生化、航空等多种经济中心于一体的综合性大都市。全美油气上市公司前200强中，有不少于45家总部设在这里，该地区集中了5000多家与能源相关的公司。从“世界油城”到“能源之都”，能源行业仍是休斯敦的支柱产业之一，作为美国能源和石化工业中心，“休斯敦模式”为世人所称道。 

休斯敦目前能源发展状况如何？如何成功打造石油装备基地？如何促进美中两国在能源领域特别是石油装备行业的合作？如何实现中美顶级石油展互通有无？在日前东营市举办的休斯敦市与东营市双边能源合作协议签字仪式上，本刊记者专程采访了休斯敦副市长阿德里安?加西亚先生。 

打造“能源之都” 

《石油与装备》：休斯敦市是美国石油工业和石化工业的中心，请您简单介绍一下休斯敦市目前的发展情况。 
阿德里安?加西亚：休斯敦位于得克萨斯州东南沿海、加尔维斯顿湾西北岸平原上，通过长80公里的通海运河与墨西哥湾相连，得天独厚的地理优势使它发展成为全美最大的石油工业中心。 
休斯敦市是美国第四大城市，是美国最大的城市之一，占地面积700平方英里。休斯敦拥有最关键的机械制造工业，有最大的能源商贸港口，在油气领域我们有广为传颂的石化发展史，是闻名遐迩的石化中心。我们还有非常完善的会议设施和高效运行的交通运输系统。 
我们的石化行业产值最大，占全国炼油量的1/3。仅有一百多年历史的休斯敦，各行各业蓬勃发展欣欣向荣。未来，我们期盼更多的朋友来到这里，我们还考虑为所有炼油和生产企业打造一个“能源之都”。 

装备带来高效高产 

《石油与装备》：目前，金融危机在世界蔓延，石油开采难度不断增加，您认为装备和石油行业的关系是什么？ 
阿德里安?加西亚：我认为石油还远远没有完全被开采出来，但是却越来越难以开采，需要具备的条件就是要用最好的石油装备来开采，依靠制造业，尽可能高效而谨慎地发展，我们需要关注环保问题，在不远的将来，装备将为这个特殊的行业带来高效率和高产能。所以我想，休斯敦作为能源领域的领军城市，以后将可以为东营提供帮助。 

《石油与装备》：中国很多石油城计划打造石油装备基地，您对此有何建议？ 
阿德里安?加西亚：实际上我认为你们有基础吸引投资，建立起装备基地。其实我们在美国也是这么做的，我们通过吸引外资，规划研发，发展制造业，我们的城市也相应给予各方面支持。 
现在中国发生的这一切，正好是过去在休斯敦所发生过的。休斯敦也是和别的一些城市一样，划出一部分土地，建造住宅、商店、办公楼和研究中心等建筑，给我们的投资商或公司提供便利，让他们帮助我们打造基地。 

领军城市双赢合作 

《石油与装备》：请介绍一下此次由您带队到中国的代表团成员？此行目的是什么？ 
阿德里安?加西亚：我们此行人员有油企代表、医疗界代表、私企代表、国际事务代表，有工程师，还有人专门从事国际关系，比如，我们有人专门与德国、利比亚及埃及建立关系，他们在休斯敦居住，但是工作区域却遍布全球。
作为代表团团长，我代表休斯敦市政府与东营市政府签署双边能源合作协议。通过签署双边能源合作协议，作为全球能源产业的领军城市，东营市和休斯敦市将共同努力，进一步促进目前及潜在的合作与尝试。双方将指定特别代表就石油天然气、石油化工、石油装备加工制造及人员培训等每一个合作领域设计具体工作计划。 

《石油与装备》：东营应该向休斯敦借鉴什么？为什么休斯敦选择东营作为友好城市？未来，休斯敦与东营将如何能携手发展？ 
阿德里安?加西亚：其实我认为休斯敦需要向东营学习很多东西，这也是为什么我们来到这里。首先我们想让东营知道我们想成为他们的合作伙伴。我们这两个城市有很多共同点。今天是首届展会和会议的第一天，让我想起很多年前刚刚在休斯敦起步的OTC。 
所以我们都一样，需要各界支持，希望东营收获成功，因为东营的成功也必将成为我们的成功。我们应该抓住一切互相学习的机会。我们想要成为东营的合作伙伴，因为我们相信他们可以给我们提供很多支持，而我们也会为他们提供一切力所能及的帮助。东营有一位很棒的市长，有一个很好的领导团队，我们会一起努力，一步一步深入发展。 

中美石油展互通有无 

《石油与装备》：休斯敦都采取了哪些主要措施来吸引众多客商每年来参加当地举办的会议和交易会，比如OTC ? 
阿德里安?加西亚：当今世界最大最综合的油气类展会OTC，已经在休斯敦成功举办30多届。我们感到很骄傲，也在努力保持这个规模。因此，我们不仅要保持原有的水平，还要争取在能源领域不断提高工作效率，让更多的人来休斯敦参加OTC和其他会议。我们是一个很友好的城市，很多人都觉得休斯敦是一个非常美好的城市，适合工作也适合娱乐。 

《石油与装备》：亚洲最大的石油石化技术装备展览会??cippe得到了美国使馆的大力支持，参加cippe的美国展团每年都在增加。怎样看待越来越多的美国油企对中国市场所表现出的浓厚兴趣？ 
阿德里安?加西亚：我常说，在国内外建立良好关系对我们至关重要，当我们关注能源领域，我们需要与中国建立更好的合作关系，我们需要分享信息，我们都具有全球最大的石油天然气消费能力，所以我们必须保证互通有无，友好发展。 而且当前，世界很小，我们务必要做到你中有我，我中有你。 

《石油与装备》：是否可以组团参观cippe以便找到更多来自世界各地的合作伙伴？ 
阿德里安?加西亚：我想非常有可能组团，明天你们可以和 Helen T. Chang女士（休斯敦市长办公室特别助理、国际事务及经济发展部部长）坐下来详细地谈一谈,我们可以做相关安排。


Let's Join Hands for Mutual Development in the Small World
-----Exclusive Interview with Adrian Garcia,Mayor Pro Tem of Houston

P+E:Would you please have a brief introduction for thecity of Houston?

Adrian Garcia:Houston is the fourth largest city in US,it isone of the largest cities in America,the city accounts for 700 square miles.And it has the critical manufacture.We have the largest inland trading port.We have pay significant amount of petrochemical history in the era oil and gas.We have a very grew known petrochemical center.And then we have a very active convention facilities and transportation system.So it is one of the largest cities in America.And also we have a max amount of the production of petrochemical industry,and one third of the refining economy comes to it.And the city that is only little of hundred years old,so it is a city covering so many sectors growing every day.We are expecting many more people arriving here.And in the future,we still consider to build the energy capital of US to all of the finery and production enterprises.

P+E:Nowadays,it is very hard to find oil,what do you think of the relationship between equipment and petroleum sector?

Adrian Garcia:I don’t think we have ever run out of oil, but it is getting harder and harder to find,and the consequent we need to have the best equipment to continue to find the oil that it is there,use the manufacture so that we grow efficiently and carefully as possible,we want to be careful about the environment,so all of the equipment in information that could be offer in particular sector that could land to better efficiency and better production in the near future.So I think by Houston leading ways for energy,it may also help Dongying into the future.

P+E:Many cities in China who are rich in oil resources plan to build the large equipment bases,would you please give them any ideas?

Adrian Garcia:I think that you have the bases to attract investment to create an equipment base.This is what we do in the United States,we attract investment to develop a construction of a manufacturing plan to research development,and then the city offers a support.What has happened in the past is that some times what actually happen here in China.For Houston,it is one of the cities donated some land so we can construct a building for where house,storage,office and research,so for many places like that what you can offer the investors or companies so that they can help open up the bases.

P+E:Could you please have an introduction of your delegation you lead to China this time?

Adrian Garcia:We have someone represent in medical, someone represent in our private companies,we have some that are represented in the oil areas and international affaires,we have engineers,and someone have the relation in other parts of the world,for example,we have a German that has relationship with Libya and Egypt,so they live in Houston but work in other parts of the world.

P+E:What should Dongying learn from Houston?Why Houston choose Dongying as its friendship city?How will Houston and Dongying develop hand in hand?

Adrian Garcia:I think Houston has a lot to learn from Dongying,and this is why we are here.We want to show first of all Dongying that we want to be partners.We have a lot in common.Today was the beginning of the exhibition and conference,just think over that the OTC started in Houston many years ago.And so we want to be supported to harvest the success for Dongying,because we believe that the success would also be connected to our success.We should always take the opportunity to learn from each other, so we want to be partner of Dongying,because we believe that they have a lot of offers,and we want to offer whatever we can to support them also.You have a great mayor,you have a great leadership here,and we will always work together step by step.

P+E:What key methods Houston take to attract so many people every year to take part in the conferences and trade shows such as OTC?

Adrian Garcia:The OTC is one of the largest international events and it has been held in Houston for more than 30 years.We are very proud of it,and we work very hard to keep it.So we are not only working hard to continue thing that we have,we are also working very hard to become efficient in energy field.So we are working in direction for more people come to Houston for the OTC and for many other conferences.We have plan to report it alive,we are very friendly city.And so many people find Houston a very good place to have business and pleasure.

P+E:The largest petroleum show in Asia?cippe has got great support from the America Embassy to China,and the US Pavilion to cippe is getting larger and larger.Why more and more American petroleum enterprises are interested in Chinese petroleum market?

Adrian Garcia:I’ve always said that it is important for us to create the relationship across the country and across the world, because when we count for the energy we need to be better partner with China,and we need to be shared the information, we are both the largest consumer of oil and gas in the world, so we need to make sure that we always share information and develop the relationship.And again,in the nowadays,the world is very small,and so we need to make sure that we are part of another actively.

P+E:Is it possible for you to organize a team to visit cippe?So we will meet more partners all around the world.

Adrian Garcia:I think it is very possible,tomorrow if you like you will sit down with Ms,Chang(Executive Assistant to the Mayor)and we would possibly make an arrangement.